What is 5 fluorouracil?

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancer, including colon, breast, and stomach cancer. It is usually administered intravenously, although it can be given as an oral medication in some cases.

5-FU works by inhibiting an enzyme called thymidylate synthase, which is necessary for DNA synthesis and cell division. This slows or stops the growth of cancer cells, causing them to die off.

Some common side effects of 5-FU include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, and hair loss. It can also cause more serious side effects, such as diarrhea, mouth sores, and decreased blood cell counts. Patients receiving 5-FU are typically monitored closely to manage any adverse effects.

In addition to cancer treatment, 5-FU has also been used in the treatment of some non-cancerous conditions, such as actinic keratosis (a skin condition). It is often used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs or radiation therapy to increase its effectiveness.

Overall, 5-FU is an important chemotherapy drug that has been used for several decades to treat a wide range of cancers. While it can cause significant side effects, it is highly effective in controlling the growth and spread of cancer cells.